Inter-relationships of depression and insomnia symptoms with life satisfaction in stroke and stroke-free older adults: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study based on network analysis and propensity score matching.

BACKGROUND: Depression and insomnia are common co-occurring psychiatric problems among older adults who have had strokes. Nevertheless, symptom-level relationships between these disorders remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we compared inter-relationships of depression and insomnia symptoms with life satisfaction among older stroke patients and stroke-free peers in the United States. METHODS: The study included 1026 older adults with a history of stroke and 3074 matched controls. Data were derived from the US Health and Retirement Study. Depression, insomnia and life satisfaction were assessed. Propensity score matching was employed to identify demographically-similar groups of stroke patients and controls. Central and bridge symptoms were assessed using Expected influence (EI) and bridge EI, respectively. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression in the stroke group (25.0 %) was higher than that of controls (14.3 %, P < 0.001). In stroke group, "Feeling depressed" (CESD1; EI: 5.80), "Feeling sad" (CESD7; EI: 4.67) and "Not enjoying life" (CESD6; EI: 4.51) were the most central symptoms, while "Feeling tired in the morning" (JSS4; BEI: 1.60), "Everything was an effort" (CESD2; BEI: 1.21) and "Waking up during the night" (JSS2; BEI: 0.98) were key bridge symptoms. In controls, the most central symptoms were "Lack of happiness" (CESD4; EI: 6.45), "Feeling depressed" (CESD1; EI: 6.17), and "Feeling sad" (CESD7; EI: 6.12). Furthermore, "Feeling tired in the morning" (JSS4; BEI: 1.93), "Everything was an effort" (CESD2; BEI: 1.30), and "Waking up too early" (JSS3; BEI: 1.12) were key bridge symptoms. Life satisfaction had the most direct associations with "Not enjoying life" (CESD6) and "Feeling lonely" (CESD5) in the two groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: Older adults with stroke exhibited more severe depression and insomnia symptoms. Interventions targeting central and bridge symptoms may help to mitigate the co-occurrence of these symptoms.

High-Precision Measurements of 44Ca/40Ca Using Multiple-Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry without Collision-Cell Technology.

Herein, we present a new method for determining the Ca isotopic composition of geological samples. To eliminate matrix elements from Ca, a column chromatography method was developed using a N,N,N'N' tetraoctyl-1,5-diglycolamide (TODGA) resin. The Ca isotopic compositions were measured by a multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) without collision cell equipment, especially that direct measurement to 44Ca/40Ca can be achieved. To mitigate the interference from 40Ar during 40Ca measurement, the cold plasma technique was used to suppress the Ar+ generation, resulting in a background Ar+ intensity of <300 mV, in contrast to the conventional hot plasma conditions, which typically yield thousands of volts for Ar+ intensities. Given the potential for a concentration mismatch between the sample and bracketed standard solutions to cause an intensive shift in measured Ca isotopic compositions, a correction for the [Ca] match is needed. To avoid matrix effects arising from residue matrix elements, it is crucial to limit the concentrations below 1% of Ca for most matrix elements (including Al, Mg, K, Na, and Sr) and below 1‰ for Fe. Notably, the tolerance of residue Sr is effectively improved compared to measurements with CC-MC-ICP-MS and traditional Hot-plasma-SSB-MC-ICP-MS methods with the conventional hot plasma technique, thereby lowering the complexity of column chemistry. The measured δ44/40Ca, δ44/42Ca, and ε40Ca values for eight reference materials agree well with previously reported values within analytical uncertainties. This method demonstrates long-term precision is better than 0.10‰ (two standard deviations) for both δ values (i.e., δ44/40Ca and δ44/42Ca). We anticipate that the proposed method will benefit the growth of the Ca isotope data set and foster an increase in the application of Ca isotope in Earth science studies.

Study on the development process of apron controller's work fatigue based on heart rate characteristics.

In order to study the fatigue development and change pattern of apron controllers in the process of each work, experiments were carried out at Beijing Daxing International Airport, and the physiological data of personnel were collected by smart band senselessly. The incremental relationship between heart rate characteristics and personnel reaction time before and after work was compared and analyzed; the change in duty time, workload and heart rate of controllers were studied quantitatively, and the regulatory role of the body and fatigue changes were analyzed, then the pattern of heart rate changes with fatigue development was found. The results of the study showed that the heart rate characteristics were related to the workload of the controllers, correlated with the change pattern of personnel reaction time characteristics. The p-values are less than 0.05. So the fatigue state of personnel could be objectively characterized by heart rate. The heart rate of apron controllers showed a jittering decreasing trend during 3 h of work, and its distribution showed obvious banded dense areas. The relative heart rate gradually decreases from 0.6 to about 0.2. The 95% confidence intervals for time of the occurrence of minimal values of heart rate during the first 2 h and the last 1 h of work time were statistically estimated as [57.38,81.42] and [143.79,155.45] respectively, and further calculated the corresponding confidence intervals for number of flights, which are the possible fatigue severity intervals. The study can provide valuable references for controller shift management and personnel status monitoring timing during daily work.

Arthroscopic debridement improves range of motion for heterotopic ossification after total knee replacement: a retrospective cohort study.

The presence of heterotopic ossification (HO) after primary total knee replacement (TKR) is rare and associated with limited mobility and stiffness of the knee. This study aimed to identify if the arthroscopic debridement after TKR could decrease HO and improve the function and range of motion. Thirty HO patients after TKR were retrospectively separated into 2 cohorts. 15 patients of group A accepted the arthroscopic debridement, while 15 patients of group B only had non-operative treatment, mainly including oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and rehabilitative treatment. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores, knee society knee scores (KSS), range of motion (knee flexion and knee extension) were obtained before treatment and at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. Radiography of after-treatment was also evaluated to assess the changes in HO. There were 3 males and 27 females with a mean age of 67.4 ± 0.8 years in group A and 68.2 ± 1.3 in group B. The onset time of HO was 3-6 months. The maximum size of the ossification was < 2 cm in 23 knees, 2 cm < heterotopic bone < 5 cm in 6 knees and > 5 cm in 1 knee. The size of HO decreased gradually in all knees by X-ray film at the last follow-up. There were no significant differences in VAS scores after replacement between two groups (p > 0.05). The average range of motion preoperatively in group A was - 15.2-90.6°, which postoperatively increased to - 4.2-110.0°. Meanwhile, the KSS scores and average range of motion of the group A were better than those of the group B at each follow-up time after treatment. Arthroscopic debridement can decrease HO seen from postoperative X-rays, improve the function and range of motion, as well as the pain remission between two groups are comparable. Consequently, arthroscopic resection of HO after TKR is recommended as soon as there is aggravating joint stiffness.

Prevalence and network analysis of internet addiction, depression and their associations with sleep quality among commercial airline pilots: A national survey in China.

OBJECTIVE: Airline pilots are members of a unique occupational group that is often confronted with sleep routine disruptions, yet relatively few studies have examined their mental health status. This study assessed the prevalence and network structure of internet addiction, depression and sleep quality problems in commercial airline pilots. METHOD: A total of 7055 airline pilots were included in analyses. Internet addiction and depression were measured with the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The network model was constructed based on an Ising model and its association with sleep quality was evaluated using a flow procedure. RESULTS: Internet addiction, depression and sleep quality were common among airline pilots. The prevalence of internet addiction was 8.0 % (95 % CI: 7.3-8.6 %), while the rates of depression and poor sleep quality were 23.3 % (95 % CI: 22.3-24.2 %) and 33.0 % (95 % CI: 31.9-34.1 %), respectively. In the depression and internet addiction network model, "Fatigue" (PHQ4; Expected Influence (EI): 2.04) and "Depressed/moody/nervous only while being offline" (IAT20; EI: 1.76) were most central symptoms while "Fatigue" (PHQ4; Bridge EI: 1.30) was also the most important bridge symptom. The flow network model of sleep quality with internet addiction and depression showed that "Appetite" (PHQ5) had the strongest positive association with poor sleep quality. CONCLUSION: Internet addiction, depression and sleep quality were common among airline pilots and warrant regular screening and timely treatment. Strategies to improve sleep hygiene may be useful in preventing onsets or exacerbations in depression and internet addiction among airline pilots.

Pain trajectories and their associations with cognition among older adults: a 10-year cohort study from network perspective.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the associations between pain trajectories and cognitive function in older adults. This study explored the associations between pain trajectories and different cognitive domains in older adults from a network perspective. METHODS: Data on pain trajectories were derived from the Health and Retirement Study between 2010 and 2020 using latent class growth analyses. Measurements of key cognition domains, including memory, attention, calculation, orientation and language, were included. Linear regression and network analysis were performed to evaluate the associations between different pain trajectories and cognition. RESULTS: A total of 9,551 older adults were included in this study and three trajectories of pain were identified. After controlling for the covariates, persistent severe pain trajectory was associated with poorer overall cognition, memory and calculation ability when compared to mild or non-persistent pain trajectory. In the pain and cognition network model, memory (expected influence (EI) = 0.62), language (EI = 0.58) and calculation (EI = 0.41) were the most central domains. CONCLUSIONS: Pain trajectories appeared stable over time among older adults in this study. Severity of persistent pain was an important risk factor for poor cognition, especially in relation to memory and calculation domains. Interventions targeting memory, language and calculation domains might be useful in addressing cognitive decline in older adults with persistent pain.

Self-Assembled Molecules with Asymmetric Backbone for Highly Stable Binary Organic Solar Cells with 19.7 % Efficiency.

The hole-transporting material (HTM), poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS), is the most widely used material in the realization of high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the stability of PEDOT : PSS-based OSCs is quite poor, arising from its strong acidity and hygroscopicity. In addition, PEDOT : PSS has an absorption in the infrared region and high highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, thus limiting the enhancement of short-circuit current density (Jsc) and open-circuit voltage (Voc), respectively. Herein, two asymmetric self-assembled molecules (SAMs), namely BrCz and BrBACz, were designed and synthesized as HTM in binary OSCs based on the well-known system of PM6 : Y6, PM6 : eC9, PM6 : L8-BO, and D18 : eC9. Compared with BrCz, BrBACz shows larger dipole moment, deeper work function and lower surface energy. Moreover, BrBACz not only enhances photon harvesting in the active layer, but also minimizes voltage losses as well as improves interface charge extraction/ transport. Consequently, the PM6 : eC9-based binary OSC using BrBACz as HTM exhibits a champion efficiency of 19.70 % with a remarkable Jsc of 29.20 mA cm-2 and a Voc of 0.856 V, which is a record efficiency for binary OSCs so far. In addition, the unencapsulated device maintains 95.0 % of its original efficiency after 1,000 hours of storage at air ambient, indicating excellent long-term stability.

Ratiometric electrochemical immunoassay based on 2D Co/Fe MOF decorated with toluidine blue and Fc-labeled Schiff base for accurate assay of alpha-fetoprotein in clinical serum.

The high level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) expression is closely related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, a dual signal ratiometric electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan-ferrocenecarboxaldehyde-spindle gold (Chit-Fc-SAu) and Co/Fe metal-organic framework-toluidine blue/polydopamine (Co/Fe MOF-TB/PDA) was proposed for quantitative analysis of AFP. Specifically, Chit-Fc-SAu worked as a substrate to trap more primary antibodies (Ab1) generating the first electrochemical signal from Fc. Thanks to the large specific surface area, the synergistic and electronic effects of Co/Fe MOF nanosheets, and the rich functional groups of PDA, Co/Fe MOF-TB/PDA could load more secondary antibodies (Ab2) and signal molecules (TB) providing another amplified electrochemical signal. In the presence of AFP, Ab1-AFP-Ab2 formed a sandwich structure, and as the AFP concentration increased, the peak current ratio of TB to Fc (ITB/IFc) also increased. The dual signal ratiometric strategy can avoid environmental signal interference and achieve signal self-calibration, thereby improving the accuracy and reproducibility of detection. After a series of exploration, this self-calibrated ratiometric immunosensor exhibited a wide linear range (0.001-200 ng mL-1), a low detection limit (0.34 pg mL-1), and good repeatability. When applied to the assay of clinical serum samples, the detection results of ratiometric sensor were consistent with that of commercial electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay, significantly superior to that of non-ratiometric sensor. The self-calibrated strategy based on ratiometric sensor helps to improve the accuracy of AFP in clinical diagnosis.

Counteracting mental fatigue for athletes: a systematic review of the interventions.

The deleterious effects of mental fatigue (MF) on athletes have been carefully studied in various sports, such as soccer, badminton, and swimming. Even though many researchers have sought ways to ameliorate the negative impact of MF, there is still a lack of studies that review the interventions used to counteract MF among athletes. This review aims to report the current evidence exploring the effects of interventions on MF and sport-specific performance, including sport-specific motor performance and perceptual-cognitive skills. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and SPORTDicus (EBSCOhost) were combed through to find relevant publications. Additionally, the references and Google Scholar were searched for any grey literature. For the current review, we included only randomized controlled trials that involved athletes, a primary task to induce MF, interventions to counter MF with comparable protocols, and the outcomes of sport-specific motor performance and perceptual-cognitive skill. The selection criteria resulted in the inclusion of 10 articles. The manipulations of autonomous self-control exertion, person-fit, nature exposure, mindfulness, and transactional direct current stimulation showed that positive interventions counteract MF and improve sport-specific performance in different domains, including strength, speed, skill, stamina, and perceptual-cognitive skills. The selected interventions could significantly counteract MF and improve subsequent sport-specific performance. Moreover, self-regulation and attention resources showed the importance of the potential mechanisms behind the relevant interventions.

Interactive changes in depression and loneliness symptoms prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal network analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Depression and loneliness co-occur frequently. This study examined interactive changes between depression and loneliness among older adults prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic from a longitudinal network perspective. METHODS: This network study was based on data from three waves (2016-2017, 2018-2019, and 2020) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Depression and loneliness were measured with the eight-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-8) and three item version of the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, respectively. A network model was constructed using an Ising Model while network differences were assessed using a Network Comparison Test. Central symptoms were identified via Expected Influence (EI). RESULTS: A total of 4,293 older adults were included in this study. The prevalence and network of depression and loneliness did not change significantly between the baseline and pre-pandemic assessments but increased significantly from the pre-pandemic assessment to during COVID-19 assessment. The central symptom with the strongest increase from pre-pandemic to pandemic assessments was "Inability to get going" (CESD8) and the edge with the highest increase across depression-loneliness symptom communities was "Lack companionship" (UCLA1) - "Inability to get going" (CESD8). Finally, "Feeling depressed" (CESD1) and "Everything was an effort" (CESD2) were the most central symptoms over the three assessment periods. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with significant changes in the depression-loneliness network model. The most changed symptoms and edges could be treatment targets for reducing the risk of depression and loneliness in older adults.

GT-HAD: Gated Transformer for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection.

Hyperspectral anomaly detection (HAD) aims to distinguish between the background and anomalies in a scene, which has been widely adopted in various applications. Deep neural network (DNN)-based methods have emerged as the predominant solution, wherein the standard paradigm is to discern the background and anomalies based on the error of self-supervised hyperspectral image (HSI) reconstruction. However, current DNN-based methods cannot guarantee correspondence between the background, anomalies, and reconstruction error, which limits the performance of HAD. In this article, we propose a novel gated transformer network for HAD (GT-HAD). Our key observation is that the spatial-spectral similarity in HSI can effectively distinguish between the background and anomalies, which aligns with the fundamental definition of HAD. Consequently, we develop GT-HAD to exploit the spatial-spectral similarity during HSI reconstruction. GT-HAD consists of two distinct branches that model the features of the background and anomalies, respectively, with content similarity as constraints. Furthermore, we introduce an adaptive gating unit to regulate the activation states of these two branches based on a content-matching method (CMM). Extensive experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of GT-HAD. The original code is publicly available at https://github.com/jeline0110/ GT-HAD, along with a comprehensive benchmark of state-of-the-art HAD methods.

Association of dietary live microbe intake with diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999-2018.

AIMS: Several studies have reported dietary microorganisms' beneficial effects on human health. We aimed to detect the potential association between dietary live microbe intake and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018. METHODS: According to the Sanders classification system of dietary live microbes, the study participants were divided into three groups: low, medium, and high live microbe groups. In patients with T2DM, DKD was assessed by glomerular filtration rate (< 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration algorithm), proteinuria (urinary albumin to creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/g), or both. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate the independent association between dietary live microbe and DKD. RESULTS: The study included 3836 participants, of whom 1467 (38.24%) had DKD for the diagnosis. Our study demonstrated that participants in the high dietary live microbe group were more likely to be older, female, non-Hispanic White, have higher education levels, have a lower prevalence of smoking, have a high poverty-income ratio, have higher energy intake, lower haemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum creatinine levels, and lower risk of progression. After adjustment for covariates, patients in the high dietary live microbe group had a low prevalence of DKD, whereas no significant association with DKD was found between the medium and low dietary live microbe groups. No statistically significant interaction was observed in all subgroup analyses except for HbA1c (p for interaction < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that high dietary live microbe intake was associated with a low DKD prevalence.

The counteractive effects of interventions addressing mental fatigue on sport-specific performance among athletes: A systematic review with a meta-analysis.

The deleterious consequences of mental fatigue (MF) on athletes in diverse sporting domains have been subject to extensive inquiry. However, the efficacy of interventions to counteract the effects of MF remains largely elusive. This review aims to evaluate the effects of counteractive interventions on the sport-specific performance of mentally fatigued athletes. Moreover, synthesizes the current evidence on which sports effectively counter the detrimental effects of MF with interventions, highlighting potential avenues for upcoming research. A systematic search was executed via Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and EBSCOhost, in addition to Google Scholar and references for grey literature. A meta-analysis was executed to compute effect sizes for different interventions with 13 qualified papers. Interventions include transcranial direct current stimulation, person-fit, mindfulness, glucose supplementation, caffeine mouth rinsing, and nature exposure showed potential to mitigate the detrimental effects on sport-specific performance, particularly in shooting accuracy (ES = 0.591; p = 0.001), decision-making accuracy (ES = 0.553; p = 0.006), and reaction time (ES = -0.871; p < 0.001), however, not in completion time (ES = -0.302; p = 0.182). This review underscores the unique roles of self-regulatory resources and directed attention. Nonetheless, a cautious interpretation of the findings is warranted given the paucity of investigations involving potential interventions in numerous other sports, such as volleyball, Australian football, cricket, and boxing.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine accelerates the macrophage foamy formation mediated pulmonary fibrosis.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) is manufactured and applied extensively due to its superior disinfectant capabilities. However, the inhalatory exposure to PHMG aerosols is increasingly recognized as a potential instigator of pulmonary fibrosis, prompting an urgent call for elucidation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Within this context, alveolar macrophages play a pivotal role in the primary immune defense in the respiratory tract. Dysregulated lipid metabolism within alveolar macrophages leads to the accumulation of foam cells, a process that is intimately linked with the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, this study examines PHMG's effects on alveolar macrophage foaminess and its underlying mechanisms. We conducted a 3-week inhalation exposure followed by a 3-week recovery period in C57BL/6 J mice using a whole-body exposure system equipped with a disinfection aerosol generator (WESDAG). The presence of lipid-laden alveolar macrophages and downregulation of pulmonary tissue lipid transport proteins ABCA1 and ABCG1 were observed in mice. In cell culture models involving lipid-loaded macrophages, we demonstrated that PHMG promotes foam cell formation by inhibiting lipid efflux in mouse alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, PHMG-induced foam cells were found to promote an increase in the release of TGF-ß1, fibronectin deposition, and collagen remodeling. In vivo interventions were subsequently implemented on mice exposed to PHMG aerosols, aiming to restore macrophage lipid efflux function. Remarkably, this intervention demonstrated the potential to retard the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. In conclusion, this study underscores the pivotal role of macrophage foaming in the pathogenesis of PHMG disinfectants-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, it provides compelling evidence to suggest that the regulation of macrophage efflux function holds promise for mitigating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, thereby offering novel insights into the mechanisms underlying inhaled PHMG disinfectants-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Comprehensive metabolome characterization and comparison between two sources of Dragon's blood by integrating liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and chemometrics.

Dragon's Blood (DB) serves as a precious Chinese medicine facilitating blood circulation and stasis dispersion. Daemonorops draco (D. draco; Qi-Lin-Jie) and Dracaena cochinchinensis (D. cochinchinenesis; Long-Xue-Jie) are two reputable plant sources for preparing DB. This work was designed to comprehensively characterize and compare the metabolome differences between D. draco and D. cochinchinenesis, by integrating liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and untargeted metabolomics analysis. Offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography/ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2D-LC/IM-QTOF-MS), by utilizing a powerful hybrid scan approach, was elaborated for multicomponent characterization. Configuration of an XBridge Amide column and an HSS T3 column in offline mode exhibited high orthogonality (A0 0.80) in separating the complex components in DB. Particularly, the hybrid high-definition MSE-high definition data-dependent acquisition (HDMSE-HDDDA) in both positive and negative ion modes was applied for data acquisition. Streamlined intelligent data processing facilitated by the UNIFI™ (Waters) bioinformatics platform and searching against an in-house chemical library (recording 223 known compounds) enabled efficient structural elucidation. We could characterize 285 components, including 143 from D. draco and 174 from D. cochinchinensis. Holistic comparison of the metabolomes among 21 batches of DB samples by the untargeted metabolomics workflows unveiled 43 significantly differential components. Separately, four and three components were considered as the marker compounds for identifying D. draco and D. cochinchinenesis, respectively. Conclusively, the chemical composition and metabolomic differences of two DB resources were investigated by a dimension-enhanced analytical approach, with the results being beneficial to quality control and the differentiated clinical application of DB.

Multi-level chemical characterization and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation of the polysaccharides from Prunella vulgaris.

Prunella vulgaris (PV) is a medicine and food homologous plant, but its quality evaluation seldom relies on the polysaccharides (PVPs). In this work, we established the multi-level fingerprinting and in vitro anti-inflammatory evaluation approaches to characterize and compare the polysaccharides of P. vulgaris collected from the major production regions in China. PVPs prepared from 22 batches of samples gave the content variation of 5.76-24.524 mg/g, but displayed high similarity in the molecular weight distribution. Hydrolyzed oligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization 2-14 were characterized with different numbers of pentose and hexose by HILIC-MS. The tested 22 batches of oligosaccharides exhibited visible differences in peak abundance, which failed to corelate to their production regions. All the PVPs contained Gal, Xyl, and Ara, as the main monosaccharides. Eleven batches among the tested PVPs showed the significant inhibitory effects on NO production on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells at 10 µg/mL, but the exerted efficacy did not exhibit correlation with the production regions. Conclusively, we, for the first time, investigated the chemical features of PVPs at three levels, and assessed the chemical and anti-inflammatory variations among the different regions of P. vulgaris samples.

Global prevalence of Plasmodium infection in wild birds: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Avian malaria is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium infection transmitted to birds by mosquitoes. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the global prevalence of malaria and risk factors associated with infection in wild birds. A systematic search of the databases CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, and ScienceDirect was performed from database inception to 24 February 2023. The search identified 3181 retrieved articles, of which 52 articles met predetermined inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model. The estimated pooled global prevalence of Plasmodium infection in wild birds was 16%. Sub-group analysis showed that the highest prevalence was associated with adult birds, migrant birds, North America, tropical rainforest climate, birds captured by mist nets, detection of infection by microscopy, medium quality studies, and studies published after 2016. Our study highlights the need for more understanding of Plasmodium prevalence in wild birds and identifying risk factors associated with infection to inform future infection control measures.

Sensitive dual-signal detection and effective removal of tetracycline antibiotics in honey based on a hollow triple-metal organic framework nanozymes.

In this work, a colorimetric/fluorescent dual-signal mode sensor is proposed for the sensitive, selective and accurate detection and removal of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs). A triple-metal MOF of NiCoFe is successfully synthesized and controllable adjusted the shape of the hollow structure for the first time, and then modified with TCs aptamer. The as-prepared triple-atom MOF (apt-NiCoFe-MOF-74) exhibits well-defined hollow morphology, high crystallinity, and high surface areas endow their alluring adsorption and removal performances for TCs. More attractively, this triple-metal MOF show a good peroxidase-like activity and strong fluorescence property at 540 nm of apt-NiCoFe-MOF-74 when excitation wavelength was 370 nm. Inspire by this, a dual-signal output biosensor is constructed and the linear absorbance response is well correlated with wide range and low LOD for TCs. The biosensor provided an universal method with satisfactory sensitivity and accuracy for TCs analysis in real food samples.

COVID-19 and Sleep Problems: A Perspective from Bibliometric Analysis.

OBJECTIVES: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the containment measures for COVID-19 have affected sleep quality in the population. This study explored sleep-related research from a bibliometric perspective to provide an overview of the research outputs in this field. METHODS: Original and review articles were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database from December 2019 to 7 Aug 2023. R package "bibliometrix" was used to summarize the number of articles of authors, institutions, and countries; count the citations of the articles, and generate a Three-Fields Plot. VOSviewer software was applied to visualize the collaboration network among authors and institutions, and to conduct a co-occurrence analysis of keywords. RESULTS: A total of 4,499 articles on COVID-19 and sleep, and 25,883 articles on non-COVID-19 and sleep were included. Sleep related articles were mainly published by authors from China, the USA, and Italy. For COVID-19 and sleep research, Huazhong University of Science was the most productive institution. The Psychiatry Research was the most influential journal across the different subject categories of this field. "Mental health", "anxiety", and "depression" were the most common keywords, while "sleep quality" and "quality of life" were the likely topic areas in terms of future research directions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide a comprehensive perspective for researchers to understand the wider landscape of both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 sleep-related research area.

How to tackle non-specific low back pain among adult patients? A systematic review with a meta-analysis to compare four interventions.

OBJECTIVE: To tackle non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) among patients and find the most effective solution and to quantitatively synthesize the overall effect of motor control training (MCT) compared with Pilates, McKenzie method, and physical therapy (PT) in pain and physical function. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of four types of intervention (MCT, Pilates, McKenzie method, and PT) for LBP were collected by searching PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Scopus databases from the establishment of the database to September 30, 2023. The risk of bias was evaluated for included studies using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0). Taking pain and physical function in the experimental and control groups as outcome indicators, subgroup analysis was performed according to the intervention method to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: A total of 25 RCTs, including 1253 patients, were included. Meta-analysis showed that MCT effectively relieved pain [SMD = -0.65, 95% CI (- 1.00, - 0.29), p < 0.01] and improved physical function [SMD = -0.76, 95% CI (- 1.22, - 0.31), p < 0.01] comparing with other 3 types of intervention. Subgroup analysis suggested that MCT could alleviate pain [SMD = -0.92, 95% CI (- 1.34, - 0.50), p < 0.01] and improve physical function [SMD = -1.15, 95% CI (- 1.72, - 0.57), p < 0.01] compared with PT, but it had no statistical significance compared with Pilates [pain: SMD = 0.13, 95% CI (- 0.56, 0.83), p = 0.71; physical function: SMD = 0.10, 95% CI (- 0.72, 0.91), p = 0.81] and the McKenzie method [pain: SMD = -0.03, 95% CI (- 0.75, 0.68), p = 0.93; physical function: SMD = -0.03, 95% CI (- 1.00, 0.94), p = 0.95]. CONCLUSIONS: MCT can effectively relieve pain and improve physical function in patients with NSLBP. It is more effective compared with PT for LBP, while no differences were detected between MCT and Pilates, as well as McKenzie method. Therefore, MCT, Pilates, and the McKenzie method should be encouraged as exercise interventions for NSLBP rehabilitation.